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The Oregonian Building was a building in downtown Portland, Oregon, United States, which served as the headquarters of Portland's major newspaper, ''The Oregonian'', from 1892 to 1948. It was the first steel-framed building constructed in the Western U.S., and from its opening until 1911 it was the tallest building in Portland.〔("Yeon Skyscraper Starts March 10" ). (February 6, 1910). ''The Sunday Oregonian'', Section 4, p. 12.〕 In addition to the newspaper's offices and printing press, in 1922 the building became the home of Portland's first commercial radio station, KGW-AM, which was owned by the Oregonian Publishing Company. A second radio station, KEX, was acquired by the paper in 1933, and joined KGW in new, shared studios in the Oregonian Building. A fire in 1943 forced the radio stations to relocate. The company sold the building in December 1947 as it prepared for a move to a larger building. In June 1948, the newspaper moved to a new building on Southwest Broadway, also called the Oregonian Building. The 1892 building with the landmark clock tower then stood vacant for about two years until it was demolished, in 1950. ==History and description== ''The Oregonian'' began publication in 1850, and in 1878 its office and printing facilities moved to a then-new brick building at the intersection of Front and Stark streets.〔A Landmark Vanished; Demolition of old 'Oregonian' Building, Erected in 1850". (September 25, 1887). ''The Sunday Oregonian'', p. 2.〕 That building and its wooden predecessor were referred to as the Oregonian Building, during their periods as the newspaper's headquarters, and this pattern continued with successor buildings. In 1890,〔 the Oregonian Publishing Company began construction of a much larger headquarters building, to accommodate the paper's continuing expansion. The new Oregonian Building was located at the intersection of Southwest Sixth and Alder streets, northwest corner. The building's nine-story main portion was high, but extending for another 60 feet above〔 was a tower with a smaller floor area and a large clock (with faces on all four sides) above the 11th floor. The building's overall height of 〔"Oregonian Building Said Most Fireproof On Coast, Ahead of Its Time, When Built". (October 5, 1947). ''The Sunday Oregonian'', p. 16.〕〔 made it the tallest structure in Portland,〔〔 a distinction it retained until the completion of the Yeon Building in 1911.〔 It was "the first steel-framed skyscraper west of Chicago" when built. Its footprint was , and it contained roughly of floor space, including the basement but not the tower.〔 The building was designed by James W. Reid and Merritt J. Reid, of the Reid Brothers firm.〔 Otto Kleemann served as a consulting architect.〔Scott, Jess (April 1, 1973). "Drive aimed at preserving St. Patrick's". ''The Sunday Oregonian'', "SunDAY" section, p. 4.〕 The design was Romanesque Revival, with touches of Richardsonian Romanesque style. Above the clock was "an open belfry with balconies", where the bells for the clock were located.〔"Will Soon Move; 'The Oregonian' to Be Issued in a Few Days From the New Building". (January 2, 1892). ''The Morning Oregonian'', p. 6.〕 The clock was made by E. Howard & Co.〔〔Ewing, Paul F. (July 31, 1948). "Clock Wins Hands Down". ''The Oregonian'', p. 1. Excerpt: "The clock in the tower of the old Oregonian Building, a landmark in Portland since 1892, stopped at 12:30 p.m. Friday—and it won't be started again in that location, the building's new owners said".〕 The first two stories were surfaced in red sandstone (from Flagstaff, Arizona〔) and buff brick and terra cotta covered the stories above. The main entrance, on Alder Street, was finished in light-rose marble, and the interior made extensive use of Italian white marble on the first floor and main stairway.〔"Building Activity: Fine Structures Built in 1892; Record for Ten Months–'The Oregonian's' New Home, Work on New City Hall". (November 4, 1892). ''The Morning Oregonian'', p. 8.〕 The newspaper moved most of its staff into the new building in mid-January 1892, but with some departments using temporary locations within the building,〔"The 'Oregonian' Moves; Now Located in Temporary Quarters in the New Building". (January 16, 1892). ''The Morning Oregonian'', p. 5.〕 as the interior was not finished until a few months later, and the last work on the uppermost floors was not completed until 1893.〔Lundy, Herbert (May 30, 1948). "Years Write '30' At 6th & Alder; Growing City, Mushroomed Operations Force Retirement as Printing Plant of Oregonian's 56-Year-Old Building". ''The Sunday Oregonian'', Sunday Magazine section, pp. 1, 4, 5.〕 New, more modern printing presses, made by R. Hoe & Company, were installed in the building's basement, so there was no need to relocate the presses from the old location.〔 After completion of the building, some of the space was made available for lease to other businesses. Tenants included a drug store, a shoe store, a tailor, an optical store and a barber shop, along with offices of professional firms such as the Equitable Life Assurance Company. When the building opened, its site was well west of the central business district, but within a few decades, expansion of downtown had shifted the center westwards.〔 From October 1892 until June 1902, the U.S. Department of Agriculture's official weather recording station for Portland was located in the Oregonian Building.〔"Hoover, Helen (April 15, 1951). "You Say Portland Climate Undergoing Change? Weather Tables Present Contrary Argument". ''The Sunday Oregonian'', Section 1, p. 31.〕 The U.S. Weather Bureau was located in the building's tower, and was the first occupant of that portion of the Oregonian Building.〔 In addition to ''The Morning Oregonian'' newspaper, the Oregonian also owned the ''Evening Telegram'', and that paper was published from the 1892 building until the company sold it in 1914 to Wheeler Brothers.〔 The Oregonian Building lost its status as Portland's tallest building in 1911, when the -tall Yeon Building was completed.〔 A jewelry store, Jaeger Brothers, that had occupied a portion of the ground floor was displaced in the early 1920s when the newspaper needed room for a new three-story printing press made by Goss, which came into use in 1923.〔 In 1930, a huge neon sign measuring tall by wide and reading "The Oregonian" was attached to the building, on the corner at Sixth and Alder streets. The sign's manufacturer, Electrical Products Corporation, of Los Angeles, expressed the belief that it was the largest of its kind in the U.S. at the time.〔"Large, Flashing Neon Sign To Advertise The Oregonian". (July 30, 1930). ''The Oregonian'', p. 5.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「The Oregonian Building」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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